New Tricks for an Old Dogma: How Estradiol Mediates Masculinization and Defeminization of Sexual Behavior
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A regional analysis of estrogen binding to hypothalamic cell nuclei in relation to masculinization and defeminization.
Gonadal steroids masculinize and defeminize neuroendocrine development, including behavior. Defeminization makes males less sensitive than females to estrogen for showing female sexual behavior and cyclic gonadotropin secretion. Masculinization makes males more sensitive than females to estrogen for showing male sexual behavior. Thus masculinization and defeminization produce opposite effects o...
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Sex differences in brain and behavior are ubiquitous in sexually reproducing species. One cause of sexual dimorphisms is developmental differences in circulating concentrations of gonadal steroids. Neonatal testes produce androgens; thus, males are exposed to both testosterone and estradiol, whereas females are not exposed to high concentrations of either hormone until puberty. Classically, the...
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Gonadal steroid hormones influence an animal's sexual behavior through two primary means. During development they affect differentiation of the brain (primarily in males), and after puberty, circulating concentrations of steroids influence expression of sexual behaviors. In mammals, sexual behaviors of females are regarded as inherent (independent of steroids secreted by the developing ovary). ...
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Altricial and precocial species follow different developmental trajectories possibly reflecting different reproductive strategies. This chapter describes evidence that this distinction may have heuristic value in understanding the nature of steroidal influences on masculinization and defeminization. Across both types of mammals, defeminization was found to utilize estrogenic metabolites of andr...
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The male offspring of rats exposed to restraint stress, alcohol, or both during late pregnancy show normally masculinized genitalia; however, sexual differentiation of behavior is dissociated from the external morphology. In contrast to controls, males exposed prenatally to stress, alcohol, or a combination of these factors exhibited the female lordotic pattern. Thus, all 3 prenatal treatments ...
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تاریخ انتشار 2009